Are there any good resources for a beginner to get some more insights into that world? (blogs, books, MOOCs, etc.)
The guy who created it has another course that just came out that I haven’t tried yet: https://www.udemy.com/share/10bdqC3@GYMwCCehaRtRa222po1mkBUG...
(Worth noting that Udemy has a sale every few days so don’t pay full price)
https://github.com/eleciawhite/making-embedded-systems
Practical Electronics for Inventors, Fourth Edition 4th Edition by Scherz, Simon Monk
The Arduino doesn't run Linux, you're much closer to the hardware, which is important to your goal.
It's especially important to understand interrupts and how to use them.