There are alternatives to #1, such as subject-specific subreddits, but they often to fail at being #2 once they reach a certain size.
The only other site I’ve seen manage to sustain #2 (“civility at scale”) is… Wikipedia.
is a recent community built around AI contents.
- SDN for aspiring doctors and med students https://forums.studentdoctor.net/forums/
- Wall Street Oasis for people in finance https://www.wallstreetoasis.com/forum
Not really the same spirit, but Marginal Revolution (https://marginalrevolution.com/) also has its own community around it and is one of the most influential blogs in the world. Also has an active comment section with an interesting cast of characters.
The Vlog Brothers - they have a whole community, videos, newsletters, books, podcasts, on and on. They talk about good positive things, make good positive change in the universe.
Corridor Crew - similar, they have videos, content, etc. Group of friends that started a CGI effects house and analyze such. They wholesome for me.
Camping with Steve - a youtube Channel where this guy camps, enjoys the simple things. He's a good guy.
I've also found community in local small business groups.
Pro audio: https://gearspace.com/
PC hardware: https://hardforum.com/
Audio hardware: https://www.audiosciencereview.com/forum/
Everything Apple: https://forums.macrumors.com/
Home cinema: https://www.avsforum.com/
Blu-ray discs and movies: https://forum.blu-ray.com/
LessWrong (Rationality focused discussions) — https://www.lesswrong.com/
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