conflict resolution topic is fascinating and I'd like to learn from your experiences, thanks!
If you disagree, voice it. If you don't voice it, nobody will hear it. Sometimes you were wrong or incomplete in your concern and it gets dismissed. And sometimes what you brought up just wasn't considered during the plans.
For example, you're assaulting a terrorist building. The plan is to kick down the door and storm in. What if the door is booby trapped? A bad leader will ignore this and get everyone killed by the trap or claim credit when there is no trap. A bad follower will go in the window solo and get shot because of insufficient backup. A good leader will consider all options, like using a detector, another entry, or blowing the door up with explosives. Or manage risk - maybe there are no options and no time, and they have to kick the door in anyway. If the leader is truly bad, it's the group's responsibility to replace them, otherwise they too have everyone's blood on their hands.
So why debate now, only to have to debate again with new info?
We still practice disagree & commit among the three founders, which is simply a majority vote game, but now the number of heated debates has decreased.
The most obvious example here is politics, where people jump through all kinds of irrational hoops to justify their position. Or in sports, where the referee is always biased against our team!
So maybe one thing to do is just try to build a better relationship with the person you "disagree" with. You may just feel motivated to support them not because you rationally agree, just maybe because you want to help a friend / someone you like.
Just gotta pick your battles and figure out if the time is right or not for them. Then, who to say things to, and how. But never voice things out in public or some middle-manager is likely to take a dislike to you.
This is your real question, I think. And there are different answers here based on who you are and the role you have at within the company.
First off, I strongly recommend a policy of "never lie". I don't care what the situation is. People are natural lie/bullshit detectors, the truth always reveals itself. Once you lose trust getting it back can be near impossible to do. And most industries are "small" in that word gets around quickly. Just don't do it.
Next, we'll ignore decisions you disagree with that can be considered insider information. Those are as simple as the equivalent to "no comment" or just blatantly ignoring the question and removing yourself from the environment.
Finally, there are three situations remaining:
1. You disagree and are a decision maker (others will be looking to you for answers and leadership)
2. You disagree, are a decision maker, but are letting the team under you make the call.
3. You disagree but are in a simple IC role, perhaps lending thoughts or ideas into the discussion, but play no role in the decision making itself.
If you're a decision maker just be honest. If necessary, outline the problems, the proposals, where (your desired) proposal fell short or why it was rejected. Outline what was liked about the accepted decision, etc. Also take the time to state where the accepted decision may fall short and plan for those contingencies. It's not a zero-sum game. If the decision is from on high, never have the attitude of of "we're taking one for the team" as opposed to "leadership recognizes that we can manage the difficulties that may ensue, but If you're just an IC (or even a decision maker accepting a decision from on-high), you have to ask yourself "is this the hill I want to die on?" Does it really matter if we use Ruby instead of Haskell? If the company doesn't allow hybrid or remote work? Only you can answer these questions for yourself. If you really care and have made that known, then start looking for other employment. If not, then when someone asks, tell the truth: you disagree, this is why, but there's things at every job that will be problematic and this - in the grand scheme of things - is minor, not worth fussing over, and then note (also for yourself) the positive aspects of the decision for the greater good of the company. Also, I'd like to bring up one other thing you didn't ask about, but can be important. It's possible that you don't care too much about the decision made, but very much care about the reason(s) why as they may be a fundamental indicator of future decisions you will care about. When those happen, bring them up appropriately and early. If they aren't addressed, start looking elsewhere or - in my experience - your life will end up miserable. But a great boss will address them and may even be happy/surprised.