HN is not immune to it either. So often the top comment is a joke, an extreme interpretation, or a tangential complaint that derails any meaningful discussion of the core message.
Where do you go for good discussion? Are there in-person spaces you’ve participated in?
HN is about the closest I have found.
For everything else I take in all the things you mentioned, then I make a cup of lemon balm tea, sit in my recliner, turn on the 4 Red/NIR light clusters and recline. Then I meditate and transform everyone online into rational stable people all of whom can be red-pilled. Some may call it a coping mechanism but it has made for some of the best conversations I have ever had.
I have good faith discussions with friends/coworkers. The incentive is to raise the reputation of your relationship, and the only way to do that is be a reasonable (and not tribal) person. That being said, this relies on you not surrounding yourself with tribal people
Something I found very cool was in one subreddit where the OP could tag the post to exclude any off topic comments, then comments like jokes etc. were deleted (I believe by moderation, or users reporting, not sure) then the post would only contain on topic discussions, I found it very interesting. Not perfect but definitely seems better.