https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34414527
From the discussions a coherent picture of the National Labs emerges as a workplace somewhere in-between academia and IT-industry, with great work-life balance, autonomy and intellectual challenges, as well as a slow and often bureaucratic pace of work.
My question is: what are workplaces with similar qualities outside of the US, especially in Europe? What are some alternatives for people with PhD (in CS, physics, math, etc.) outside tech industry and academia?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraunhofer_Society
You can also look into focused research organizations (FROs), which somewhat subsume national labs but also include some private non-profits.