HACKER Q&A
📣 matthewfcarlson

How to get better at writing?


I’ve been writing for a while but I feel like I’ve stagnated for a while. What have other people done?


  👤 glitchc Accepted Answer ✓
Reading good writing is the first step towards improving your written output. Observe the techniques that resonate with you and incorporate them into your style. It will feel clunky at first, like any new exercise, but over time will become more fluid and seamless. Reading also builds a large vocabulary, which is essential to achieve fluid prose.

Read the best authors for the intended style, be it story-writing, critical analysis or business communication. It all depends on the style of writing you would like to master. It's theor techniques that you want to emulate and make your own.

Write to evoke an emotion. There must be a purpose to your writing. If to inform, guide the reader to an ah-ha moment. Your writing will be memorable if the reader feels something.

Cut fluff. Every word must have a purpose. Less is more.

Good writing is about refining your own voice. Write as you speak, speak as you write, and both will improve.

Ultimately, have fun with it. Experiment with different styles. Writing is an art, it requires creativity. This must be cultivated and grown. In time, over many poorly crafted drafts, a unique voice, all your own, will emerge.

Best of luck!


👤 BurningFrog
What has really helped me is two things.

1. Condense. Much of good writing is simply signal/noise ratio!

First write a draft that says all you want to say. Then go over it again and again, removing/rephrasing un-needed words and syllables. 20% compression is a decent result.

2. "Rubber ducking". Imagine showing the text to someone likely to read it. I've developed an "inner stranger" I show text or code to. He doesn't have my specialized knowledge, but is reasonably smart.

Implied above is to always write a draft that you edit. Do NOT try to form a perfect text in your mind before writing!


👤 jason-phillips
1. Read the Elements of Style by E.B. White. It describes how to write in active voice for positive effect.

2. Practice converting your thoughts to the written word so that they're clearly understood by anyone. That is the exercise at hand and it takes practice.

3. Once you've mastered clearly communicating your ideas, add some cleverness to your writing. Use double-entendre and practice economy of words. Leave something for the reader to guess, allowing one's imagination to fill the gaps with what you didn't say.

4. Finally, practice the art of showing versus telling, i.e., the art of story-telling versus an analytical accounting of facts.


👤 tdekken
I truly struggled with writing for the longest time, but three practices helped tremendously. The practices are 1) writing with a piecemeal approach, 2) accumulating notes as fuel for tomorrow’s writing, and 3) rewriting with keyword outlines.

My most important shift was to start writing nonlinearly. Instead of writing a beginning, middle, and end, I instead gather together all the claims, facts, etc. and develop them individually without concern for the overall logical structure. Eventually, the pieces start fitting together and the linear structure emerges. It is so much easier to start with too much and whittle it down.

Where do these claims, facts, etc. come from? This is what your note taking system should create. As I read a text, I highlight relevant sections and then go back through to paraphrase them. These notes are organized around topics and solve the daunting blank page problem.

How should you paraphrase? Keyword outlining is the practice of picking a handful of _keywords_ from a source text, setting aside the original text, and then paraphrasing using the keyword outline and your recollection of the original text. This is a subtle shift from the typical approach of changing a few words of the source text to paraphrase it. This is also great practice for honing your sentence and paragraph writing skills.


👤 karaterobot
Gene Wolfe, my favorite writer, said that the advice he gave people was to pick a short story they thought was perfect, and try to rewrite it word for word from memory.

Presumably the idea is that you run into the same challenges the original author did — how to get from one scene to the next, how to direct or misdirect the reader, etc. — and by solving those challenges you understand the mechanics of storytelling at a deeper level. Since you've got the "perfect" version of the story as a key, you aren't just guessing, and there is a right and wrong answer.

He also said that, to his knowledge, nobody had ever taken him up on this advice.

But, Wolfe was a fantastic writer, and an engineer, so I assume his approach would be a practical and useful one for anyone willing to put in the work.

I just spent about 30 minutes trying to find the source of the quote, but failed. /shrug


👤 farleykr
My personal experience has led me to believe that there’s truly no substitute for reading a lot and writing a lot. But the funny thing is that you may not realize how true that is until you’ve gotten sick and tired of trying to find shortcuts and hacks. You can get burnt out on reading and watching material about how to write well but it can be helpful in moderation. The best resource I’ve found is the Belief Agency YouTube channel. They have a lot of great interviews/shows about how command of the concept of storytelling can improve your communication, written or otherwise. Brian McDonald’s books are great too—-especially Invisible Ink. One more thing I’ve found helpful is to take up a practice that has nothing to do with writing—-gardening in my case—-and see if you can learn some things that shape the way you think about the writing process. All of these things should lead you back to a regular practice of reading and writing though. It’s like an archaeological dig. Most of the time you’re just throwing dirt over your shoulder but once in a while you find treasure.

👤 sandworm101
You can only ever be as good as that which you read. Read only blog post and you will sound like a blogger. Read only classics and you will sound like a scholar. If you read enough you will become your own best critic. Stop trying to write better and spend that time reading the best material you can find.

The same is true for all aspects of language. If you want to speak better, don't watch TV news or LA sitcoms. Watch classic British comedy (Blackadder) or BBC science docs (Brian Cox) that will expand your practical vocabulary and sense of proper diction.


👤 lowken
This technique helped me become a better writer.

Get a cheep spiral notebook and a nice pen.

Then collect some example writings that represent the best writing style you aspire to. I prefer short stories and essays, but for larger examples (novels) you can focus on single chapters.

Every day spend about 1/2 hour copying the example writing by hand into the spiral notebook. When you are done copying about two pages into your spiral notebook review the pages and identify different writing techniques. I used this technique to learn copywriting so I identified different persuasion techniques including what’s the catch addresses or Promise.

However, you could also use this same technique to become a better novelist. So maybe you identify alliteration, irony, foreshadowing, etc.

Why does this work? This have been studies on the powerful learning effect of writing notes by hand. The technique I described follows the same principals. By copying great writing by hand you are engaging multiple senses at one time. You are feeding your conscious and subconscious mind rich example writing that will help you improve your own writing.

Anyway, this worked for me. Good luck.


👤 tptacek
I've read drafts from people who truly write well and have come to the conclusion that the biggest thing they're doing that I'm not is revising. I write straight through and maybe do a single pass after to punch things up and get rid of passive voice, and so everything I write reads like an HN comment (which, don't get me wrong, is a useful local optimum for me). The good writing I've watched happen was revised a lot. Besides not having the talent, I lack the patience, which is liberating.

Also: this book is great: https://www.amazon.com/Style-Clarity-Chicago-Writing-Publish...


👤 azhenley
What I did: (1) start a blog, (2) force yourself to write at a specific frequency at all costs, like once a month, (3) plan and schedule future writing topics and times, (4) be very intentional with each sentence and paragraph, and (5) start with an outline for each post and iterate on it before filling in with details.

#5 feels like a superpower to me. It has made writing so much easier. It forces me to really understand (and to realize what I don’t understand) about the topic.


👤 stared
Write -> give other people for proofreading -> rewrite -> publish -> gather feedback.

There is no other way than practice. Feedback speeds up this learning process a lot and improves the result significantly.

Everything else varies from person to person. Some write daily; some don't for months - then dive into their writing modes. Some start with an outline, and some - pour a stream of thoughts into the computer.

Nevertheless - what is your goal, and what blocks you in the process?


👤 selfhifive
Read books by Gary Provost on writing. Writing Tools by Roy Peter Clark. Draft number 4 by McPhee. They contain a variety of ideas. Writing Tools is great if you want to identify and drill techniques. Provost's books cover everything and are written well.

👤 KerryJones
1. Write a lot

I think much of the other advice on this page is very valid (and I'll repeat some below), but what I often find missing from advice like this is simply do the thing a lot with some sort of feedback/iteration loop. While this is true for most professions, it is specially true for writing: write a lot.

Other useful things to help: 2. Define the purpose of your writing 3. Define who your target audience is (is this a novel, article writing, marketing, etc) 4. Define who you are as the author (are you a subject matter expert, the narrator of a story, a friend)

Learn some of the basics: - Elements of Style is a good place to start - Use Grammarly - Read, a lot


👤 WhitneyLand
Having people read your writing who can give constructive criticism can be a huge help.

It can be people you know, but there are also online writing communities that will give candid feedback in a safe environment. Usually the catch is you’ll have to return the favor for someone else in the community, but that’s not a bad thing.


👤 ianai
Set aside what you wrote for about two weeks and read it. Reading aloud what you wrote, too. Emphasis on smaller sentences-less than 10 words on average. Never more than 20 words.

👤 lallysingh
Two things:

1. Read about writing. The very tactical stuff like "On Writing Well" and "Writing Tools" and "The Craft of Scientific Writing"

2. Imitate writers you like. Try reading someone else's work, then reproducing it in their style.


👤 99failures
Reading makes you a better writer.

Writing makes you a better thinker.

Better thinking leads to better everything.

David Mamet's writings on writing are the best.


👤 rmk
> I’ve been writing for a while but I feel like I’ve stagnated for a while.

You could rewrite this to say "I have been writing for a while, but feel like I have stagnated for some time now."

Be a ruthless editor of your own writing, to begin with. Read actual printed words that have been through rigorous editing. Examples include print magazines and newspapers.

Read Strunk and White's Elements of Style and try to put it into practice in your writing. Read a variety of works, both fiction and nonfiction. Read classic writers such as Melville, Trollope, or Hemingway and pay attention to the plot devices and writing style (you will have to re-read individual pieces in isolation, again and again).

Take every opportunity to write, including in this forum or other places where you can write and have an actual conversation with like-minded, intelligent people. I'm sure there are internet forums and subreddits for aspiring writers where you will find opportunities aplenty to write, critique and hone your craft.


👤 yef
Read more in order to identify the types of writing you admire, enjoy and perhaps wish to emulate on some level. I like William Zinsser's books, On Writing Well is the "flagship" I guess.

If you're writing in public, like a blog, try giving yourself a deadline and permission for the post not to be perfect.



👤 electrondood
Read a ton. Write constantly. Write for the trash can. Writer's block is caused by the pressure of obligation. Write like you're speaking plainly to a friend. If you can remove words without losing meaning, do it.

👤 pricees
Write often, about anything.

Perhaps try nicheless.blog, I write there regularly. Given a 300 word limit, I can write one or two thoughts. The word limit necessitates merciless editing, if i care to have a coherent message to say to the reader.

I write about, literally, anything, at first. Writing is a muscle rarely used by anyone. It is a superpower that could be mastered, or at least harnessed, by everyone.

Currently I write about boring ole everyday subjects. Putting in the work. However, I am getting ready to try flash fiction, then perhaps a short story.

Good luck.


👤 dv35z
James Clear (author of Atomic Habits) explained his writing process in an article last year - I bookmarked it, as it was just so full of insight. Some gems & insights include:

- take the structure of great sentences that already exists and using it as the bones for a new sentence. - Use Asana as a dumping ground for ideas, great writing; in no particular order. - Work on compression: create the most potent form of an idea in the fewest words possible.

Example of creating useful templates from other good writing: "A key point in the first chapter of Atomic Habits is, ‘You don't rise to the level of your goals, you fall to the level of your systems’.

That’s actually a play off of a quote from the Greek philosopher Archilochus—‘We don’t rise to the level of our expectations, we fall to the level of our training.’ I just took the rough structure of what he said, and played around with plugging words into it to see how I could make it fit with what I was trying to write. "

- Utilize some of the ideas from whatever you're reading. "When I read, I put brackets around the sections I like, and mark them with an asterisk. - Later, transcribe all those sections and put them into your notes

The article is a fantastic read, you will get some instant "Do This Now" advice which will make you a more effective writer.

https://every.to/superorganizers/how-james-clear-is-writing-...


👤 iainctduncan
A lot of people are saying "read a lot" and "write a lot". These are necessary, but if you want to improve as much as possible you should be doing more than this. Imagine if you asked a musician how they learned their craft and they said all they did was listen to music and play? That they never took a lesson or course, and never read about music (just listened)?

If you want to improve as much as possible, you also need to study. This means reading good works on writing, getting in situations where you get advice and critiques, and analyzing writing (which is more than just reading).

I wound up in a job where I reviewed and edited other people's writing regularly and this was also immensely helpful. It made me really get analytical about what worked or didn't, and shone a light on some things that could be better in my own work - both from reading writing that was good and helping correct and provide feedback on writing that was bad.

OTOH I really like the Pinker "A Sense of Style", "Dreyer's English", "On Writing Well", "Steering the Craft", and "The Making of a Story". (There are lots of others I like too, but these are top of mind.)


👤 tazoptica
Read a lot and write a lot but also edit your own work a lot, putting intervals between editing passes. There is no shortcut. A million words and you’ll be publishable. Three or for million and you might start to approach good. A third party editor might help but could also hurt and isn’t worth it unless the project requires it. Beyond what grammarly can do, labelled data is going to be in short supply— it’s mostly an unsupervised problem. Your most important editor will be you.

👤 mancerayder
Read some fiction you might not normally read, sometimes you'll find phrases or sentences so interesting in the way they're constructed it's a learning experience. One example for me was reading Charles Dickens. Reading some of his stuff as a child in school was an inferior experience to reading it as an adult.

Write a lot, and repeatedly re-read what you wrote (when it's done in its entirety). You'll naturally correct yourself or tune it.


👤 signaru
There's a video where Alan Moore recommends reading terrible books. Knowing what frustrates me in years of poorly presented university textbooks helps me in a way.

👤 andsoitis
Get people to critique your writing. Ultimately, writing is communication and recipients can give you a lot of actionable feedback. Without such a feedback loop it will be very hard to become meaningfully better at writing. Often the feedback will be relevant to a particular piece, though sometimes to writing in general.

👤 tmoertel
If you want to get better at writing, be deliberate: practice with the goal of learning and becoming better. (1) read good works and study their authors' choices and techniques, (2) write often to strengthen your writing muscles and develop your style, (3) practice rewriting and editing (your writing and others), and (4) get feedback on your writing.

Books on writing can help, but there is no subsitute for doing the work. Being deliberate about learning from the work, however, will speed your improvement.

With regular work, you'll be noticably better after a month or two, especially if you're getting feedback. After a year, you'll be a different person. Your writing will be faster, easier, and better.

But don't stop then. You're just getting started :-)


👤 blockwriter
Keeping a daily diary by hand is a good first step. When you’re reading, look for sentences whose construction surprises you or is otherwise novel. If you can, try to pay attention to how the parts of speech are being used to form the sentence’s structure. Rereading the diary once a month and making line edits will put into mind your own bad habits. In time, an intuitive set of reasoning about how to marry the idea to the structure of the sentence will develop. Continuing to express, articulate, and expand on that reasoning will make the act of writing more enjoyable and the writing itself better.

Sentences should have a quality that makes them individually memorable.


👤 dr-neptune
Some things that have helped me:

- grammarly (mostly excellent, I ignore some suggestions)

- reading books more with stylistic elements that push the boundaries of what you're used to. I write technical blogs, but I've found some inspiration reading very different writing. Some examples are Thomas Pynchon, James Joyce, Greg Egan

- setting up constraints. Can you explain this in less sentences without making a long run-on sentence? How concise can you make this whole post? On the flipside, can you avoid all the most common adjectives when describing something? If you take a tokenized word count on your work, what words do you rely on? Can you delete them?


👤 mbigras
Do the Technical Writing One course [1] and consider Google developer technical documentation style guide highlights [2]. Both those links are about technical writing which is primarily about clarity. Since I started focusing on clarity when writing, I find any writing fun and engaging.

-[1] https://developers.google.com/tech-writing/one

-[2] https://developers.google.com/style/highlights


👤 ducharmdev
Writing a lot is important, but being able to get feedback on your writing can prevent you from developing bad habits you may not be aware of.

When I was in college for English, getting regular feedback from professors and the writing center helped me learn things I wouldn't have figured out on my own.

But of course, context matters: that was great for improving my general writing skills and my academic writing, but if you're doing creative writing, technical writing, etc., ideally you want feedback from people that are experts in the kind you're interested in.


👤 denton-scratch
I'd say that if you want to write well, read good writers.

There's different styles of writing, for different purposes. Entertainment, intellectual debate, instruction etc. You didn't say what you wanted to write about.

What's a good writer? Well, someone who writes well, to your taste, and in your domain. Or if you want to write commercially, someone who is commercially successful; whether or not they write well, I suppose.

For many purposes, a knowledge of logic and rhetoric is probably going to help.

It's hard to say - you haven't given much away.


👤 ianyanusko
1. Pretend you must pay $1 for every word. Cut accordingly. 2. After you've written the first draft of your essay/chapter, delete the first paragraph entirely. This usually helps. 3. Write like you speak, and you'll find your voice faster. 4. Vary your sentence structure. 5. Periods are almost always better than colons, semi-colons, or dashes. 6. Read quality writing as much as possible. 7. Write and edit on different days.

👤 MrLeap
If you have time and a gaming machine, maybe I can help? If nothing else, maybe you can help me help you ;)

I'm making a game/text editor I'm hoping to help people write more prolifically / creatively. There's a free demo on steam. If anyone gives it a try please let me know what you think.

https://store.steampowered.com/app/1537490/Tentacle_Typer/


👤 invalidname
I blogged every day for a while. That helped but it was grueling. With everything, practice makes perfect.

Working with an editor is huge. I worked with several editors and reviewers both when submitting to other blogs and when writing my books. I learned a lot.

There are great writer assistance tools such as Write Good, etc. They helped with avoiding weasel phrasing, etc.


👤 pier25
Writing is really mostly editing and polishing.

Try to read something out loud and you'll immediately hear if it works in terms of punctuation.

Don't try to be smart and writerly. Find your natural voice. The point is to communicate something, not impressing with your skills.

Listen to the music of your prose. Don't repeat the same length of sentences over and over again.


👤 pryelluw
- Write more. Meaning output not length.

- Rewrite more. Same as above.

- Seek feedback from qualified sources.

There really isn’t that much more. If you want to write more yet you fail to write more, then maybe you should schedule periods of time for just writing. I do it and can’t recommend it enough. 15 minutes a day of pure writing time is better than an hour every other day.


👤 rpastuszak
Check out The Fieldstone Method by G. M. Weinberg.

I also made a web app to help develop my writing habit and improve fluency: https://enso.sonnet.io

I’ve enjoyed it so far and have been writing consistently for almost 3 years so far (ca 800 words per day).


👤 pjmorris
Find people to read and critique your work. The time I spent in 'reading group' in grad school helped me curb some bad writing habits and develop other good ones. My mom used to participate in 'writers groups', in-person and online to get feedback on her poetry and prose.

👤 DantesKite
Rewriting (by hand) the works of authors you admire is a great way to boost your writing skills.

It'll give you an intuition and "taste" for the texture of writing; why you find it so compelling, even if you don't consciously know the rules they're applying.

Highly recommend.


👤 WastingMyTime89
Writing is both an art and a craft but like every skill it improves with deliberate practice. It means having an idea of what good writing is - so most likely taking a course or being trained - actually writing a lot and having someone skilled criticise and correct.

👤 wpietri
Lots of good advice here, but one thing I haven't seen mentioned is this:

https://hemingwayapp.com/

It can be fun to paste in some writing and see where you agree and disagree with it.


👤 jameshush
I signed up for classes. A speech writing one, and even a joke writing one. I’m in a writing group too for comedy, but it’s made my work writings excellent too. I’m an average-ish comedian but my work presentations are off the chart now.

👤 chiefalchemist
Creative writing? Or improving the quality of your personal / professional comms?

👤 soferio
Steven Pinker, “The Sense of Style”, is a book about the science of how to write well. YouTube talk here: https://youtu.be/3ZKTmsgqi0U

👤 willhinsa
By reading and writing

Read "bad quality" works too. And know that you're going to write a lot of "bad quality" works too, before people to start to get what you're trying to say.


👤 khodval
Paul Graham has a great essay about it http://paulgraham.com/useful.html

👤 selykg
A prior discussion that was helpful for me:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31060362


👤 wglb
Annie Proulx doesn’t think writing workshops are useful, but ” Writing comes from reading, and reading is the finest teacher of how to write.”

👤 stets
write more, read good writing. emulate good writing. read books on writing? Stephen King's "on writing" is recommended all the time

👤 s-xyz
I am not an expert on this matter, but what works for me is to practice and write for a specific use case. In addition, reading helps.

👤 rognjen
One piece of advice I keep coming across over and over is to publicize it and get feedback as much as possible.

👤 grepLeigh
What kind of writing do you enjoy most? What kind of writing are you trying to improve?

👤 zendude213
If you were planning to, don’t read the Elements of Style by E.B. White.

👤 blondin
many have already advised to read a lot, write a lot. allow me to add a 2022 piece of advice: ask ChatGPT to review what you write. or rewrite in the style you are trying to achieve.

let us know how it goes :)


👤 sherilm
"Have something to say". Everything else is secondary.

👤 balderdash
The Mountain Man's Field Guide to Grammar: A Fearless Adventure in Grammar, Style, and Usage

https://a.co/d/40wyBTq


👤 fedeb95
Read a lot. Write a lot. Repeat

👤 alexpetralia
Despite what you may think of Jordan Peterson, he has a very useful guide for how to write better: https://jordanbpeterson.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Essay...

👤 tacosbane
Rewrite, rewrite, rewrite.

👤 gre
Write 2x and cut 1/2

👤 googletron
By writing and editing.

👤 cbracketdash
Jordan Peterson has written a great PDF on writing: https://archive.org/details/essay-writing-guide-jordan-peter...

👤 eptcyka
By writing more.

👤 hit8run
Use chatgpt :)