Is Airtable good for this? Monday.com?
If you want to augment it with more "specific" internal data-based tools, look at low-code platforms like retool [1]. They are used to build custom business processes on top of Airtable or any DB.
Otherwise, A favourite of mine is https://fibery.io/. It is a fresh take on modular business software.
Or you can go the classic OSS ERP route. https://www.odoo.com/ maybe?
My employer uses Google Sheets with app scripts [1].
It automatically reads emails, updates a bunch of spreadsheets, makes other API calls, creates entire report documents etc.
The initial setup might take a while though.