Recently I looked into doing this again and ran into a bunch of issues:
- My company uses Slack's enterprise auth, and all the CLI slack clients I could find haven't been updated in years and no longer work.
- The web is using more javascript than in the past.
- Mutt doesn't handle multiple email accounts natively for work/personal. The solutions are hacks at best. Email servers are starting to use more complete auth mechanisms that don't work well with mutt.
It seems like the terminal world is slowly getting abandoned in favor of proprietary GUI apps. Anyone still living inside the terminal? Links to tools for Slack are appreciated.
That being said, I think "living in the terminal" for general purpose computing, like browsing the web or talking to your coworkers, has been in a kind of frozen standstill while the rest of the world has moved on. I think it isn't worth trying to push non-dev work into the terminal currently.
1: https://github.com/sayanarijit/xplr
See this documentary: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0362227/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1
Personally, I use Firefox for browsing, PyCharm for coding, mpv/qimgv for media, and do pretty much everything else in the terminal. Terminal tools are incredibly versatile and composable in a way GUIs really can't match - for instance, I built a script that gets all the RAW files from my camera, converts them to jpg with darktable-cli, and optimizes them for filesize maintaining the same visual quality with jpeg-recompress, great for when I don't particularly care about editing each picture of a long hike. Next step will be to also push them to Google Drive, but I haven't gotten around to that yet. Similarly, the gopro-like camera I use for recording racing footage produces files with some weird filenames and terrible encoding which makes them enormous, so another script pulls the files, renames them to the date/time taken, and uses ffmpeg to transcode them to hevc, which saves several GB. Could I do this all from GUIs? Probably, but it'd involve a lot of hunting for files, dragging/dropping, and context switching between different programs. It's a lot more convenient to do it all in one short command.
There's also some amazing tools which just don't make much sense or would be quite contrived in GUI form. fd and fclones come to mind. AI is starting to be packaged as CLI tools, and it'll open up even more possibilities. Separate hiking pictures into their own directory? Sure! Find lecture videos mentioning a specific subject? No problem, this one doesn't mention the specific keyword you were looking for but it's also relevant at X timestamp!
For local graphics programs, that also provides a memory-mapped framebuffer which makes basic graphics a doddle. Beyond that, text-mode browsing has been too hard work for years (and so by extension email too). While it's very possible to 'cheat' by setting X to render to a framebuffer (either directly or in the background) the whole reason to use the text-only console is to focus on code without computer-borne interruptions.
Even on my graphical computer, it's basically terminals windows and a browser. Any piece of software that interrupts the flow is either configured to not do so, or discarded PDQ.
Terminals FTW.
https://github.com/wee-slack/wee-slack is decent.
> - The web is using more javascript than in the past.
cli browsers are probably the only truly unrealistic thing. An idea that I've been kicking around for a while is to build a simple CLI "browser" that uses PhantomJS or similar under the hood to request, load, and render the page into an image, convert the image to sixel (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixel) and display it that way (or use any of the various terminal emulator-specific features (KiTTY has https://sw.kovidgoyal.net/kitty/graphics-protocol/ for example)). Probably pretty clunky, but it's doable if you're in the mood to write something purely for fun.
> - Mutt doesn't handle multiple email accounts natively for work/personal. The solutions are hacks at best. Email servers are starting to use more complete auth mechanisms that don't work well with mutt.
I don't think they're hacks. You can define exactly how you want it to work. That's a feature, not a bug. Sure, it takes a little bit of work to set up but you can use https://github.com/cweagans/dotfiles/tree/master/.config/mut... as a starting point if you'd like.
I've tried to do the same thing: going completely text mode. For me, it was disastrous -- it was a big distraction for me at work, at two jobs. I even left a good job partially so that I could try to go text-mode rather than click my way through lots of GUIs. It was something of an obsession. Now I look back and sigh.
Living in a terminal itself doesn't really mean much, as it strongly depends on your tasks. For things like number crunching or programming, it has a pretty big benefit (as text is the universal API after all), and you can do pretty much everything, usually faster and more reliable than a GUI can.
But when you need to do data visualisation, make use of external services that do not provide terminal emulation interfaces or want to work with people that do not live in a terminal, that makes a 60/40 split the best choice.
I keep two desktops open and can flip with a keystroke.
One of those always runs a full screen browser on gnome desk, and the other is the shell.
I flip between those. Email is webmail but on the other screen code editor is vim.
Although, if you are going to live in Emacs there might be enough terminal there without actually running it in a terminal.
I don't know about Mutt, but I've had no problems handling multiple accounts with mu4e on Emacs. `emacs`/`emacsclient` can be forced to use the terminal by using the `-nw` option.
isync/`mbsync` can also work with multiple accounts. Although, this program just sync's an IMAP account with a local Maildir that clients like mu4e can use for reading mail offline. It's an MRA[1] rather than a whole MUA.
There are many other terminal email clients you can also try.
> Email servers are starting to use more complete auth mechanisms that don't work well with mutt.
Google can support standard auth by activating 2FA, then making an app password. You can do this here:
https://myaccount.google.com/security
Google specifically needs "more complete auth mechanisms" because its regular password gives access to much more than an email account, since Google accounts are a huge platform. What other servers are moving away from standard auth mechanisms?
Unless you're an absolute terminal power user that can masterfully navigate tmux, vim or whatever tools you use, I don't think it's a good use of time. There certainly are things where the terminal is the right tools, use it in those situations. Just ask yourself if you're artificially limiting yourself, simply because you think the cool kids use the terminal.
A bunch of folks who have been using Slack for a long time have saved their xoxs cookie from a couple of years ago and not invalidated their old sessions, and they'll tell you the various clients still work. For a new user who is getting an xoxc token, your client needs a way to pass cookies along with your token. Many of the terminal clients I've seen don't obviously give you a way to pass the cookie.
My company uses the enterprisiest Slack offering (Enterprise Grid, compliance archiving, proxy restrictions, the works) hooked up to Azure AD as the identity provider and previously to Okta via ADFS, and I have working programmatic auth to Slack (leveraging local Kerberos tickets from Windows AD signon). Give me some details on what your auth setup looks like and I can probably help you with it. (I can try to open-source my internal client if it helps, but it's specific in some ways to our setup so it might be easier to just talk you through it.)
These days I pretty much work exclusively in terminal, having gotten used to vim mappings and just sticking with it. Still, I’d rather be on a desktop.
> It seems like the terminal world is slowly getting abandoned in favor of proprietary GUI apps.
Eh, I'm seeing quite the opposite trend. I see people doing stuff that'd consider using a terminal to be straight up inappropriate for (e.g. displaying line graphs).
And your troubles with Slack is most likely down to it being proprietary garbage.
neovim - text editor
aerc - email
nzbget - usenet
irssi - chat
mpv - audio
still hoping for gemini to take over for a full terminal experience.
- Multiple accounts: I have a per-account config file with the relevant specifics (https://github.com/wfleming/dotfiles/tree/arch-linux/home/co...) and use folder hooks to apply those depending on which mailbox I'm viewing (https://github.com/wfleming/dotfiles/blob/arch-linux/home/co...). (Plus a keybinding in each account file to make flipping to the next account easy.)
- Non-standard auth:
- I use offlineimap to sync my mail, and it supports oauth2 for Gmail. The arch wiki has helpful details: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/OfflineIMAP#Configuring_OAuth2_and_getting_access_tokens_via_mailctl
- For sending mail, I use msmtp, which also supports oauth2. Again, arch wiki has some helpful details. https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Msmtp#OAuth2_Setup
For web & Slack, I sympathize and have toyed with CLI alternatives in the past, but I'm come to terms with the the fact that it's just not that feasible for the most part. Personally, I spend as much time in the terminal as I can, but I've given up on fighting against the tide for everything. The only native apps I usually have open are Firefox, Slack, and Spotify, and that's acceptable to me since it ends up meaning I still spend most of my day in a terminal.
This is realistically a huge part of my job.
The next part of the cycle though is always web based. Where are the code review tools that integrate with my editor? Why am I not reviewing someone’s changes presented as a branch in my working copy? Can I do this without having to make the cognitive break of leaving my development environment and moving to a web page facsimile — albeit a very good one — of the place I do my own thinking? Being able to make suggestions by editing the actual code (and testing it) would be huge.
A solution to this would be amazing.
Some tools I had luck with:
- mpv is your friend - it can play audio, video, and display images directly to the framebuffer without X11. It also makes a pretty decent PDF reader combined with ghostscript to render each page to a PNG.
- The Emacs ecosystem is very useful - there are many packages for interacting with common services, and they typically work in both terminal and GUI modes.
- For web stuff, the best solution I found was to push as much as possible into RSS feeds and/or IRC, which have good terminal clients. Things like rss-bridge and bitlbee are great here. When I needed a browser, I typically used Elinks but was never really satisfied with it. I believe if you need decent JS support you're out of luck.
[0] This is all subject to how much you care, of course. Not all automation is worth the hassle.
[1] His metaphor was actually garden hoses that screw together.
I think the effect of javascript's wide deployment on terminal tooling is very marginal at best too.
Something like Puppeteer/Playwright where you can spin up headless Chrome instances from the terminal, interact with them and automate them in JS. Treat the JS as a mini shell script language in your terminal of choice.
I'm almost surprised there isn't yet a terminal that is an intentional JS-hybrid where you can REPL JS and/or directly shell script in it (beyond just Node scripts).
Probably not entirely worth the time to build such Rube Goldberg contraptions, but an interesting thought experiment at least.
In my mind I like to entertain the thought though that this bare way of working computers is discovered by more people & younger generations, that maybe they pick it up and do more cool stuff etc because it's something I only grow to like more and more over time. Btw I was never was like the hardcore linux wizard or anything, more like 'touch typing + this is kinda like playing a fighter'. I've got 2 trainees who are trying to pick up Vim right now and I guess a lot of ppl notice it since they never saw someone coding like I do, like doing typing combos and working mostly at the CLI. It's also funny because my colleague at the company is a very respectable senior and about my age but its 2 totally different styles, he's using vscode & autopilot.
I have some RSI though and it sucks when it starts popping, nowadays that mostly when Im working more remotely since then I use normal keyboard & key setup. On my work computer I have a typematrix with some key customizations that have helped A LOT.
But as I grew older I realised I need to pick my battles wisely. I still use emacs for some simple edit tasks and tramp for remote server file edits. But for normal day to day development that pays the bills, I've switched to vscode.
GUI based apps are offering better experience. For example, I can still configure Emacs to work well with Golang or Python. But the out of the box setup you get by clicking couple of buttons in VSCode is far superior.
It is separate matter if terminal world is getting abandoned is right thing or not. Maybe it is relic of a different era: when computers were time shared machines and connecting to them with terminal was the only option. But I increasingly realised that isolating myself out of better GUI based options is not the right battle to pick.
For me, CLI applications are nice because of their ability to interface with others with things like arguments, stdout etc. Dumb and simple to string together a series of applications that feed into each other to give you what you want.
Desktop apps don't focus on that or if inclined would set up rigid interfaces that require communication over IP (read: expensive and inflexible)
Mobile apps grew into this and so will VR/AR/XR.
My call to action would be to encourage you to develop smaller, useful components that others can run to string together their own experiences/solutions.
In mobile apps, this would be providing more integrations to IFTTT or iOS's shortcuts.
My use cases would be to dump information out of apps and grep them. Just give me a damn file I can grep!
Having said that, I often wonder the reverse. I'm so happy with my terminal, that every now and then I wonder how much longer will it be possible for me to put up with all the junkfood-equivalent crap that is forced down my throat on a daily basis before I say "enough is enough" and go into virtual hermit mode?
Personally I'm all in favor of having more open APIs and third party clients, but would never want to intentionally constrain myself to a TTY that is half a century old.
Nowadays, I have to run a proprietary VPN client that only works via GUI, but even though a full screen terminal emulator isn't as "pure", it feels the same.
I love it: absolutely zero distractions, it's a huge productivity win for me. But I realize I'm lucky in that the kind of work I do doesn't require me to be responsive to chats and emails (my reply latency is 24h).
Slack is a tricky one and there are no decent terminal clients available, but I do a LOT of e-mail on mutt as my main client and could not be happier and write all my code in vim. I don't think you can "live" on the terminal, but you can still realistically use it to power a significant part of your work.
I second the need for a good Slack terminal client, or at least a service to proxy Slack to IRC or something like that. The Slack app is super slow.
I love streamlining my ZSHell and ViM experiences by tooling around and have produced some nice scripts and functions which are both living documentation and useful to share.
However, I wouldn't expect my team to maintain shell scripts as they're a bit esoteric.
I quickly navigate around and search my files, use version control, switch projects, run services, and open sites in my browser using terminal and Vim commands.
I have to switch away for debugging though.
But most of my work is still done in terminal. Most project I managed ended up with very nice CLI applications, makes things a lot easier in the end, like automations for example. Initially specially younger engineers struggled with decision to build cli instead of web portals. But later realized how effective and productive the decision was..
That said, there are a lot of people who have gotten off track on this including both the teams developing web browsers and those developing terminals.
Having said that, current windowed terminals are a sad shadow of the days of the VT330. Almost none can do double-width and double-height, many can’t blink, and none can do smooth scrolling.
Honorable mention to Apple’s (NeXT’s?) Terminal app, that can, at least, do double width and height.
None has Tektronix or ReGIS support - which would be wonderful for graphic panel applications.
If a GUI would be easier, I use that. If there is no CLI, I use a GUI.
At least for me, browsing the web, email, creating professional documents and developing large software projects mostly happen in GUIs. There are related tasks that are easy to shell out to, though, so it's not like I'm sticking to GUIs for everything.
I was never a fan of chatting using the terminal, so I use GUIs for that.
Fortunately, I work for a company that does'nt use slack or proprietary apps. I've been thinking of some kinda proxy for text browsers with customizable .. edits, to hide excessive html elements form the terminal. (Might need to be per site ?)
I moved my mail to the predecessor of Exchange on a Windows 95 PC. I went on for years with MS Express(?) and Netscape / Thunderbird for my personal email and Exchange for work email. Then only Thunderbird since I went self employed.
But if your day to day is physical labor, crafts, writing, theoretical research etc. - you don't need the computer much to begin with.
If you allow your phone to act as your sole graphical environment, I think it can work out.
git, vim and plugins/addons for it, *nix tools in general, man pages etc. don't need more than that and a browser.
There are converging factors that will give back some control but I think people should be treating that convergence with more urgency than we do now.
Of course the terminal should also evolve, new standards need to be set.
Terminals have been 'going away' for longer than I've been alive, and they will continue to diminish long after I'm gone.
The reason they don't ever get there is that the market as a whole is still increasing in size overall, even as the stock of TUI-natives dwindles. There are simply so many more people working on e.g. neovim, kakaoune, and himalaya (an email client) that the fact that there are even _more_ more people using GUIs simply doesn't matter as much.
Put another way: the increase in absolute numbers of TUI/CLI users is the statistic to watch, not the relative percentage of users.
Finally, terminal chops are a nerd status symbol -- a form of conspicuous consumption of time and muscle memory. Humans tend to drop status symbols _last_.
I don't brag about my use of VSCode, but I sure talk up my neovim config in interviews ;D
How come? I use hundreds of email accounts with mutt and have never had to do any special configuration.
My solution for this is to simply run mutt twice, with different .muttrc files and in separate tmux windows.
I prefer this, I don't want personal and work mail (or notifications) mixed together.
For email, I can suggest aerc [1]: lovely piece of software!
This sounds like something written from the 1990s.
In fact these days, proprietary GUI apps are being abandoned for web apps or mobile apps.
There’s more commitment to it today than ever.
There’s more command line mtools than ever.
It’s not about one solution of CLI only or some east front end. Both have their place as beginners become experts, and beyond.
weeslack works fine
for the question I'd say "depends on what you want to do", if you have to interact with people who use slack, then probably no, unless you make your own CLI client to it, same with the web
I would tend to think most of these suck. Slack is a proprietary chat app. Why would people contribute significant free time to make something for it?
Perhaps it is time to upgrade :)
In a little time EXWM have replaced my WM, Emacs have integrated a big slice of my previously favorite tools. It's not perfect, it have bugs/flaws, but is so much powerful than the Unix model and the modern GUI model(s) that outshine anything else. I still use zsh, eshell it's a bit too limited/alien to me so far, unix tools lacking a LispM underneath are still serving me under the wood but that's is.
Said that, as you rightly state the actual IT model, VERY unfortunately for the humanity at a whole and no, I'm really serious, have shifted long ago to classic desktop model toward a modern limited and limiting model and now even worse to the old mainframe+dumb terminals model, where the mainframe is external, someone else computer, the cloud and dumb terminals are now "endpoint", utterly complicated pile of crap to boot up a WebVM improperly named browser for legacy reasons. In the actual state of things choice is limited: some "services" can be integrated more or less easily, more or less stably/reliably, others can not.
That's why I've first shared my person journey toward Emacs: even if sit on top of Unix, like a bootloader, not much differently than the aforementioned WebVMs it can wrap Unix and integrate X11/WebVMs (cr)apps a little bit. Doing so does not totally solve your issues, BUT solve partially many of them and gives you something FAR more powerful/evolved than Unix. You can't do much more than that.
To use a truce metaphor: we live in a dramatically lost war, chances to win before dying are utopia at best, but at least we can live the unique life we got a bit armed instead of being totally at the mercy of every enemy. Your car if not today, tomorrow will demand you a login on a smartphone to a cloud service just to open the door, so your WC to lift the cover, your country will demand a smartphone just to pay taxes in an integrated cloud-mobile platform no one really know who really control at a certain "zoom" level, no one can really do anything outside it but you can so far still have a small personal garden that ease your life a bit at least giving a comfortable environment with your data locally available so much powerful that can help cope with the outside world crap.
BTW Slack, a CRAPPY service no damn company should be so crazy to choose it, is supported by some Emacs packages see for instance https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/Slack as usual it's not a full and bug free support, but you can use it, like you can use Jira etc.
If you're not doing business, using the terminal works fine. Up until you have to deal with health insurance or your power bill or your taxes or bank.
Unfortunately the world now revolves around [gui] web browsers. We brought this technologically retarded hellscape on ourselves and we deserve it.
I speak primarily of Slack and Zoom and other “low hanging fruit” of already solved problems that feature VC-funded wheel reinvention made popular by their VC-brethren dogfooding said products, when threaded messaging and webRTC don’t necessitate proprietary solutions. https://meet.jit.si for example…
I don’t think mindless cargo culture is a trend to follow, nor will tech savvy devs disappear nor will the need to remotely administer servers via command lines tools disappear.
Remote Desktop solutions are not realistic tools for server administration in any sort of serious way, so I’m pretty sure that’s a niche that will always exist…
Seeking to browse the web exclusively through a cli browser, however, is probably not something one can do while working in the field of web development. The web is primarily graphic lauout based