Oh wait you meant programming? Path finding. Everybody should work up an A* implementation once just to see how the magic works, and more importantly, how it fails when you make mistakes.
Hmm. Kinda similar, now I think about it.
I have not seen any single solution that solves the full range of needs, probably because the way a person thinks, remembers, and learns, is so personal and different from each other. (Or is it? Perhaps we just haven't found the right universal conceptual framework.)