I really do not get the point, I do not have the account logged in on any of my devices. I have tried all the previously used devices to reset the password from. It still keeps sending the code to the same email.
It's an account I use for AdSense and I have unpaid revenue in there. I have literally tried 5 different devices that I have used the account on, I can verify the phone number but then it keeps asking me to verify a code that's sent on the same email.
Now that I'm trying potential passwords, it asks me to solve a captcha everytime and I've tried so many times that it says I've entered the captcha wrong even though it's correct. We're 3 people literally looking at that and solving it and it's done that 10s of times.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22705122
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17428707
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9768593
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19513501
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30677471
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=350968
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24709282
(Some of those threads also have related advice.)
If you are in the US, try contacting google by every possible venue and keep a track / paper trail of your communications. If non of these methods work, then sue them in a small claims court. This is something for which you do not need a lawyer, and you can get up to $3000. They will probably take you seriously enough to try to solve it without going to court.
As far as I know, that's about the only way to do things if you can't get in.
When you do not have any other recovery, google tries a recovery method based on questions ("when did you register the account", "what's an email address you often contact", ...) where the answer do not need to be strictly exact, have you tried that ? And you failed it ?
If yes to both of those, how do you expect google to differentiate between you and someone else who make the same claims ? Do you want google to give a new password to anyone who makes that claim ("it's my account but i don't remember it's password, nor have its recovery method, nor remember enough to answer questions about it") about your account ?
I believe google's account locking is sometime too hard, and them locking the whole google environnement with it is wrong, but in your case google is doing the right thing in not granting access to someone who cannot in any way prove he should have it.
I wouldn't be bothering about the account if I had not set a recovery phone number.