I mean, you might say "I want to learn medicine" and people would take that many ways.
I studied EECE (electrical and computer engineering) in my BS, then Physics, and my Ph.D. is in Computer Engineering, minor in CS, but very specifically on VLSI and chip-making in the graduate school. I am saying this just to note: When you say "semiconductors industry" my immediate thought is you want to learn VLSI.
So, do you want to learn VLSI? Half the VLSI population will direct you to Westes book: https://www.pearson.com/us/higher-education/program/Weste-CM... and the other half will direct you to Jan Rabaeys book: http://bwrcs.eecs.berkeley.edu/Classes/IcBook/ I read both. Rabaey is a great writer and I prefer his book quite a bit.
Do you want to learn the Architecture of CPUs? The bible is Hennessey and Patterson: https://www.elsevier.com/books/computer-architecture/henness... However, there are several versions (not editions) so be aware of RISC vs ARM and also one is HUGE and one is a subset of the main one (for example, this book: Computer Organization and Design, David A. Patterson, and John L. Hennessy is a subset of the "A quantitative approach" I linked to at elsiver).
I would first figure out or define if you want to learn semiconductors by themselves (the first two books I referenced, which will also teach you CMOS design and high speed digital circuits) or end to end architecture of CPUs (Hennessy and Patterson), or something else (e.g. there is also the manufacturing of chips, which Weste and Rabaey cover to some degree, but there are even more serious books on, for example Rabeays book on 3D ICs).
I can recommend some resources in that vein (maybe they'll be useful if you/the reader have a software background):
The most frequently recommended book from a software perspective is "Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective" (http://csapp.cs.cmu.edu/3e/home.html).
For a nice gentle intro, you can also read "The Elements of Computing Systems" (https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/elements-computing-systems) that accompanies a course called "Nand2Tetris".
George Hotz also compiled a list of topics to cover to learn the computing stack from bottom-to-top (https://github.com/geohot/fromthetransistor).
These resources are mostly software-oriented, so they wouldn't give you much insight into modern chip fabrication, but if you're coming from a software background, may prove to be useful for building on what you already know.
I haven't looked at the IRDS roadmaps, but they're free with some registration to the IEEE.
VLSI Circuit Design Methodology Demystified: A Conceptual Taxonomy:
https://www.wiley.com/en-us/VLSI+Circuit+Design+Methodology+...
https://fs.blog/knowledge-project-podcast/the-ultimate-barga...
2) Chip Design for Non-Designers: An Introduction by Juan-Antonio Carballo.
3) Demystifying Chipmaking by Ricahrd F. Yanda et al..
4) Fabless: The Transformation of the Semiconductor Industry by Daniel Nenni et al.
https://www.amazon.com/Makers-Microchip-Documentary-Fairchil...
Hennessey and Patterson's computer architecture.
"oh c'mon it ain't semiconductor engineering!"