HACKER Q&A
📣 DestroyADHD

Is ADHD Real?


Just got officially diagnosed with ADHD. I am still wondering if this thing is a real disorder or just a consequence of modern overstimulated world and my general lack of planning abilities?


  👤 spiffytech Accepted Answer ✓
I was diagnosed with ADHD as a child in the early 90s, before smartphones and PCs and all of this "overstimulation". My family has some home videos of school plays where the difference between my behavior and my classmates' is striking - a categorically different level of hyperactity and inattention. I spent a lot of my childhood working around energy and inattention issues. In adulthood the symptoms subdued and got more subtle, harder to spot, but once I knew what to look for, I still checked all the boxes and it can still cause me problems.

ADHD is very real, but just because someone struggles to focus or plan doesn't mean ADHD is the explanation. ADHD's impact is wide-ranging and nuanced, with possible symptoms like "emotional impermanence" (you forget or disbelieve how someone feels about you if they haven't told you very recently), or having "time blindness" (a poor sense of time, where it's hard to process anything more nuanced than "now" and "not now"). And ADHD doesn't always mean you outright "can't" function normally; sometimes you can but it'll just much more draining than for a normal person.

Here's an article I found fascinating about how ADHD brains behave differently at a physical level: https://www.additudemag.com/current-research-on-adhd-breakdo...

The Translating ADHD podcast is pretty good at discussing the lifestyle impact side of ADHD. That's an angle that neurodiversity research literature broadly doesn't cover much.


👤 dr_dshiv
As a heuristic, assume that it is never the right question to ask "Is ___ real?"

Asking how it is measured, what kind of effect it has, whether the effects are meaningful, how it can be explained, whether there are more appropriate labels, what kind of alternative explanations exist, etc.

Asking whether something is "real" fails even when talking about fundamental physical phenomena like gravity, math or consciousness. So, this is almost always the wrong question.


👤 davzie
None of these commenters are talking about the positives of this for you. Now that you have a "label", for good or bad, you can start to understand a bit more about yourself, why you tick the way you do and you can build systems to help you more in your life.

You'll also discover that you have innate strengths and creativity that will be way above your peers who do not have ADHD and you should and can harness those strengths and creativity to further your career or passions in life.

Now that you know a bit more about yourself, you have an exciting journey ahead of you to discover your true potential.

I'm not downplaying how hard having ADHD can be with regards to certain aspects of your life, but try not to focus on the negatives that people are posting; you'll have a great road ahead!


👤 nefitty
I got new glasses a few weeks ago. As I was being fitted, I asked the guy if there were any tools I could buy that would help me adjust my glasses myself. He asked me what I do for a living. "I'm a programmer." "Well, would you want an optician messing with your code?"

People that specialize in mental health, psychiatry and brain research have concluded that ADHD is a diagnosable mental disorder. I'm glad they're doing that instead of trying to write books on rust or go.

More to your question, I think a lot of the common hesitance and skepticism is the result of stigma in the vein of anti-vax ideas. Some lay people think they know better than the medical community and won't hesitate to tell you their unqualified opinion. Consider them nuts. Try some treatments, read some books, work on your systems of support, and always remember it's REAL, don't be ashamed to struggle. You're not making it up. You're not faking it. You're not bad.

It might not be obvious to other people, but you just need a little help, like when someone breaks their leg or gets the flu. It's no one's business anyway, unless you decide to confide in them.


👤 fredrikholm
It is real. I was diagnosed late (30s), and have been on medication for about a month now and the difference is staggering:

* My mind is silent without stimulus. I no longer desperately crave to cram every living second with input, I am OK with sitting down and doing nothing for a while.

* I now live up to my own standards: if I think that I should do something, I am way more likely to do it (tidying, running errands, making phone calls etc).

* Sloppiness and "I'll do that later"-isms are severely reduced, I tend to finish what I start.

* I no longer interject or interrupt people with tangential trivia when an idea pops into my head.

* I can listen to other people for longer, even if I find the subject boring.

For the first time in my life, I am able to function like other people without having to rely on innate ability and motivation to do basic tasks.


👤 stared
Is it real? Yes.

Did you get the correct diagnosis? Well, no idea how even the best & brightest internet crowd could guess.

Do features of ADHD interact with one's way of life? Hell yeah! It goes both positively (e.g. providing much-needed stimulation) and negatively (modern media & marketing prey on the addiction to dopamine kicks).

Regardless if you have it or not (and since it is a spectrum, the answer is not binary) - try "How To ADHD" YouTube Channel (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cx13a2-unjE) and the book "Driven to Distraction" (https://www.amazon.com/Driven-Distraction-Revised-Recognizin...). It might help you in understanding yourself.


👤 xlii
It’s real unfortunately and not treatable. One can try to manage it but it’s not guaranteed success and has its drawbacks. That’s a lifelong struggle but ultimately I think that having diagnosis is at least something to hook on.

I’m slightly confused that person who provided you with diagnosis didn’t provide you with overview of how ADHD works.


👤 vineyardmike
To answer the question asked, yes it’s real.

The answer to the question not asked (based on this accounts posting history) is that if you want to learn to deal with it and your life successfully, you should see a therapist specializing in adhd. Many people are scared of therapy because it seems like an admission you’re broken or that their issues “aren’t that bad”. It’s not like that. Think of it like going to the gym to improve, not to a mechanic to be fixed.

See the comment from davzie, it can be a unique advantage for you and how you approach life and work.

But yes, it is very real and plenty of people have a specific set of characteristics and behaviors that are unique and associated with one another. That’s generally what disorders like that are. Some social media (esp TikTok I’ve found) tend to push a narrative and are often full of factually incorrect people trying to be “relatable” for likes/views. It’s good you’ve been diagnosed, hopefully by someone with true knowledge on the matter. There are tons of resources available online and offline that you can reference. Again, a therapist can be a great resource. They talk to lots of people who experience the same thing as you, and can provide insight into what works for others (eg to get through long video/content like another question you asked here). The solution is not always medication, but you shouldn’t be scared of it regardless.


👤 depressionalt
It is real. I've dealt with it since before the internet was a big thing. Before the web, people used to tell me that books were too much of a distraction.

I highly recommend you treat it as an actual disorder because the sooner you address it, the less it will affect important parts of your life, especially your relationships.


👤 herbst
It's both. I don't know why the one cancels the other?

My partner and me both have ADHD & ADD. She likes working and being busy so medication is a valid choice for her to keep feeling active.

I on the other side don't care about being busy. My medication is being self employed and forming my schedule after my emotions and motivation thrives.

It doesn't change whatever we have ADHD or not. In the end it's just about making most out of every living moment.


👤 dmarchand90
One attitude you might have is to not care too much whether it's real or not. Your diagnosis just clusters you with a lot of other people who have had similar problems as you and it's likely you will benefit from the same things that benefit them.

ADHD is especially ambiguous because a lot of the behavioral treatments probably work for non-ADHD: prioritize your work, avoid distractions, have one clear calendar, set reminders on your phone, etc.

At the end of the day, if you follow both medical and non-medical treatment options, and your life improves, does it matter if it's "real" or not?


👤 liminvorous
Disorder basically just means something that causes problems in your life, I don't think we know enough about psychology to have great ideas about how different environments could affect stuff like this. Scott Alexander has an interesting post about the nature of categorising stuff like this in general and ADHD in particular: https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/ontology-of-psychiatri...

👤 annie_muss
I had similar feelings when I was diagnosed. It takes time for something like this to sink in. It's also worth remembering that you don't have a point of comparison because you've always been like this.

You can try therapy. Or not. You can try medication. Or not. The diagnosis is simply more information about your situation. Talk to professionals, explore your options, reflect back on what works for you.


👤 gocartStatue
Some psychiatrists consider it a trait and not a disorder.

It should only be "treated" if it affects one's life negatively (which it often does in the modern world, unless you are guerilla herding sheep / living a generally interesting life). So, people "born that way" can suffer more in modern world than they did say 20 or 200 years ago. There is evidence that medication helps.

There is an interesting book on the topic: _ADHD: A Hunter in a Farmer's World_

Disclosure: I am diagnosed as an adult with ADHD ("primarily innatentive" subtype).


👤 emteycz
My ADHD is measurable on EEG (I had the appropriate medical professional do it at a hospital, not some home-made braincap). Has nothing to do with anything external IME.

👤 depressionalt
It is real. I've dealt with it since before the internet was a big thing. Before the web, people used to tell me that books were too much of a distraction.

👤 wnkrshm
You can learn to cope with ADHD, that's why it presents differently in adults than in children - all of the small problems are hidden under many layers of coping strategies but still may cause shame and anxiety.

There is a scientific debate still whether it is 'real' or not, you will run into psychotherapists and psychiatrists who tell you it isn't real - you will run into clinicians and specialists who have helped people immensely by treating it as real.

Whether or not they reach agreement, what is a fact is that there are people who have various problems with adapting to our modern structured life (distractability is only one of many issues connected to the complex) that benefit immensely from various approaches to the complex of issues we mean when we say ADHD.

Edit: I myself got diagnosed and tried Ritalin - but after a year switched to antidepressants because it was better for me to manage my anxiety to not fall into depression from burning out (anxiety that is basically conditioned coping due to distractability, hyperfocus and emotional disregulation).


👤 justsomehnguy
> or just a consequence of

If you diagnosed yourself (or by a friend) after consulting some articles on Internet then of course.

If you got diagnosed by a medical professional (and preferably by not a one) then there is a chance it is real.

But the biggest problem with ADD/ADHD is what even if someone can properly understand what there is a problem it is rare when someone could do something with it without external help.


👤 blueflow
Does it make a difference? You would still have to approach the same problems.

👤 teamonkey
Not a consequence of modern life. It's more probable that it's a condition which has always existed but which is particularly badly-suited to modern school and worklife, where attention and directed focus and scheduled productivity are demanded and ADHD-presenting traits are punished.

👤 FridayoLeary
It's got nothing to do with the web. Put bluntly, it means your brain is wired slightly differently. This isn't a 'bad' thing but it means that you may struggle with things that others find simple. But this can be mitigated greatly with proper counselling. I'm sure you will find there are advantages to having ADHD but it's crucial to understand exactly what it is and how it affects you in many different ways. Also having ADHD in no way implies that you are 'damaged' or 'special'. Just think of it like it's an ingrown toenail. Good luck.

Edit: i would also add that learning proper coping mechanisms is at least as important as taking medications in that the pills would have very little effect unless taken with the correct mindset.


👤 artdigital
I want to punch people asking this question. I would pay a lot of money for a cure, but there is none. Medicine makes it a somewhat better, but I still struggle daily with ADHD.

The first step is the diagnosis, the next step is to actually learn how it affects you personally and where on the ADHD spectrum you are. Some people are horrible with concentration, some others have no issue with that but are very emotionally impulsive. Some people lose interest on things extremely quick and jump around hobbies they obsess, some can’t sit still, some are very emotionally sensitive to rejection and and and.

I can also recommend reading /r/ADHD on reddit and listening to talks by Dr.Berkley to understand what ADHD actually entails


👤 hnbad
ADHD is a thing. Every brain is different.

Think about it like this: depression is real. Everyone can feel a bit "depressed" sometimes or grieve after experiencing emotional hardships, but that doesn't mean depression isn't real.

Also much like depression doesn't simply manifest in being sad all the time, ADHD doesn't simply manifest in being distracted all the time. I've heard ADHD described as an inability to control what your brain focuses on rather than a lack of focus, but it can vary between persons.

As to whether you in particular actually "have ADHD" (i.e. meet the formal diagnostic criteria of the DSM condition by that name) that's between you and your therapist to decide.


👤 jb1991
I’m not sure where you’re located, but I will guess the United States. I believe that ADHD is in fact real, but I also believe that Americans in particular are way over-eager with its diagnosis, which is the case with most medical diagnosis in the states.(As an aside, this is one of many reasons why American healthcare is so exorbitantly expensive compared to the rest of the world.)

That’s a common problem of diagnosis, but you have the same problem with those you receive the diagnosis. Americans are often much more interested in finding labels to describe problems in life, and I’d be very careful not to consider any label ascribed to you as being a limiting factor for your own personal growth.


👤 errcorrectcode
Real. ADHD-PI, -PH, and -C are approximations. Each person has a smattering of symptoms of the DSM-5 criteria. [0]

I'm classified closer to -PI because I'm not like a hyper woman friend, but I still have abour half of the symptoms in each area but not enough to be called -C.

My parents believed it was a psychiatry conspiracy theory, which only caused me more problems for years of non management.

0. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html


👤 wickoff
I don't think it matters whether ADHD is real or not. The question is whether stimulant medications improve some quality of life for some people. Seems like they do.

👤 D13Fd
I’m not sure the question makes sense. I think ADHD is a label for a collection of behaviors that differ from the norm.

My understanding is that the behaviors are real and actually do differ from typical behaviors, and that the general collection of behaviors are actually labeled ADHD. So in that sense it’s definitely real.

It seems like the question you really want to ask is what is the cause of those behaviors, and is it internal or external.


👤 InfiniteRand
One way to think about this is like an extra toe, is an extra toe a problem? Inherently no, but if you want to be able to expose your feet it could be embarrassing and it might cause shoes not to fit. So if it affects your life, yes it could be a problem, and then it might be worth cutting it off.

With disorders of the brain that lack an understood cause I find it useful to think of things in this way.


👤 qwerty456127
Is HIV real or is that just junkies killing their own immune systems with drugs?

Is Alzheimer real or is that just wicked old farts abusing younger people patience?

Is ADHD real or is that just an excuse for lazy naughty kids?

Yes these are real conditions. And by the way adults can also have ADHD. One can even develop it later after graduating.

The fact many people or entire countries deny ADHD exists or believe it can only affect kids is a horror.


👤 roenxi
This is more a question for your doctor who diagnosed you. HN is not the place to be asking about a medical diagnosis.

Although something you do want to ask your doctor is why you are getting this diagnosis. If it can be linked back to something satisfyingly physical or not that will give you more useful guidance than whether the label is consistently applied or not.


👤 joepie91_
I'd recommend giving https://gekk.info/articles/adhd.html a read, and seeing whether that sounds like something you can identify with. I've found it invaluable, personally, to answer this question for myself.

👤 the-alt-one
Yes. I've worked with children who was diagnosed with ADHD. They truly are many SD:s outside of the mean behavior.

👤 antisthenes
If someone told you it's not real, but you're still experiencing all the symptoms, what would you derive from that?

With diagnoses about mental function, you can never ever just make a simple binary statement. Many ailments come in degrees of severity. Others - come in episodes by time.


👤 voisin
I would encourage you to read Dr. Gabor Mate’s “Scattered Minds: The Origins and Healing of Attention Deficit Disorder”

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/39899253


👤 DoreenMichele
Lack of planning abilities is an executive function issue and can sometimes be improved by tending to your health. Up your nutrition, exercise, etc

ADHD is a diagnosis given after other explanations have been eliminated. So if it seems to not fit that may be an accurate hunch.


👤 jayonsoftware
I am a chronic procrastinator, i was told I have ADHD and now on Adderall, how ever nothing has changed...I still procrastinate. Trying to see if any one else in this group facing a same situation like me.

👤 Apocryphon
One thing I’ve wondered is if ADHD type symptoms can be induced through negative lifestyles, such as poor sleep habits crossed with constant stimulation.

👤 david38
It’s absolutely real. I was diagnosed with it even growing up before internet and without TV.

You could have learned this in about five minutes of Google searching.


👤 mongol
What is ADHD? Is it something more than a personality trait? What is the opposite?

👤 navjack27
It's obviously real because you decided to make this thread and be the way that you are being in a way to get stimulation from all of the users on Hacker News as a way to help you cope with your recent diagnosis that you may be struggling with the validity of and the cause of.

👤 el_don_almighty
My brain is not like yours

It rests like an eagle on the wind

An anxious eye triggers a thousand ideas

Driven by a single motion below

A twitching grass blade,

A shifting sparkle from the water's edge

No uncalled cure beckons my mind

No defect can I find

Fix me not you callous normal

And care for your own hollow cave


👤 DestroyADHD
I think I made a mistake asking this question here. I am appalled to read so many comments with variations of “Does it really matter whether it’s real if medications help you?”

Yes, it does to me. I don’t want to pop pills all my life. Anywho, I am logging out and won’t be engaging with anyone further.

https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/12/28/adderall-risks-much-mo...


👤 badinsie
it's real. cannabis is the only thing that has helped me with my ADHD

👤 kawfey
It's very real.

It's highly studied and *mostly* psychologically and physiologically understood, insofar that the main (theorized) issue - dopamine dysregulation in the brain that causes disorders of executive functions - is effectively treated with CBT, lifestyle changes, and stimulants (among other medications that target dopaminergic system or otherwise).

In those without ADHD, the same treatments are not helpful, i.e. their brain has plenty of dopamine, so something else is wrong. That's a gross oversimplification, but even the mere fact of having a diagnosis will help you and those close to you understand why your brain works the way it works, and begin your path in developing strategies to work around those "executive dysfunctions." It'll also give you the ability to work with your psychiatrist to try different medicines/dosages/therapies/lifestyle changes that will most certainly help.

The idea of it not being real comes from this idea that certain parents seek the diagnosis to "fix" or have a reason for their (mental) hyperactivity (bad grades, getting in trouble, etc). These are also parents who provide far too little stimulation, attention, exercise, and enrichment to their children. Some have turned it into a conspiracy or a societal flaw because the main treatment is stimulants. The irony is that because ADHD is genetic, there's a great likelihood that the parent themselves has undiagnosed ADHD and a result of their disorder was providing too little enrichment for their child, which (caveat: nature vs. nurture is up for debate) probably had a negative effect on the resident ADHD traits, exposing and possibly worsening them to the point of it being a problem. ADHD was not a diagnosed condition in the boomer/genX generation because, well, doctors sucked. Kid not paying attention? Yell at them. Kid having bad grades? Take away their fun. Kid getting into trouble? Spank them.

Yes, that stimulant is amphetamines. And one can abuse it, get high on it, and succumb to addiction. But the dosages in ADHD treatment are extremely low - just enough that there is a perceptible change in executive function that significantly diminish those hyperactive traits of the ADHD brain. To a person with ADHD, it's like putting glasses on for the first time. The brain does build up a tolerance, so if it's not properly administered under the care of a psychiatrist, it can become ineffective or the user can self-medicate beyond safe levels. That's why ADHD treatment must be a life-long, holistic approach where medicine plays an important role as much as diet, exercise, moderation, therapy, etc. But that's not to say it's a debilitating illness; ADHD people are extraordinary creative minds, are often incredible crisis, high-pressure environment workers (paramedics, dispatchers, ER surgeons, mission control operators lol), and are really really good at deeply focusing their passion on one thing in an almost superhuman way (lawyers, gamers (speed runners holy shit), writers, artists etc)

Now, that more people are getting ADHD diagnoses (and capitol punishment is abolished lol), it's normalized to the point where taking ADHD medications is almost no different than using glasses to correct blurry vision - as it should be. Documentaries on the subject are still overwhelmingly negative brainwashing attempts by crazy people (big pharma drugging our kids with adderall bad), and it's still got a long way to go (even the name Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder sucks, while the term Neurodiversity is making strides as a general replacement for labels of common mental disorders)...but think about how far we've come.

Note: I'm making some unscientific, unfounded claims here backed up only by way too much hyperfocused reading on the topic. I'm currently seeking an ADHD diagnosis myself, because so many of my traits (and my parents) are explained by it (that I always thought were just normal struggles), and some prescribed stimulant medication for weight loss (appetite suppression) unlocked a side of me I never thought probable.