- hardware that enables probabilistic data structures, whatever that means, for even faster approximate execution of algorithms
- memory that executes instructions in place, avoiding data movement latency
- differentiability is big right now - differentiable/invertible hardware could be pretty dang cool
- state of the art hardware in pretty much any field is pretty much guaranteed to be extremely complex - greater exposure of underlying processes (hopefully in a universal / composable reporting interface) could allow easy + deep/recursive + simple inspection/visibility of hardware as a component of a massive-scale system
- extremely high density + speed + reliability + "hook-ability" + expandable storage media
- formal verification of data IO at a hardware level
- physically unclone-able functions for e.g. encryption, device verification
- photonic computation
I believe that a very large array of 4x4 bit lookup tables, clocked like checker boards, could be the key to scaling past the Von Neuman architecture. There are numerous advantages in terms of provability, scalability, security, hardware fault tolerance, and compilation.
The design space for small 5 axis machine tools hasn't been completely explored. Imagine a set of 6 actuators, and a spindle, which can be bolted onto something large that needs to be machined, like the portable milling machines used for key seating, etc. The legs are in pairs, forming the classic 3 point support used to lift flight simulators, etc... and your spindle sits between them. Equip it with a standard R8 or similar collet, and a probe. You could then put a 1-2-3 block on the object to be machined, and probe it to calibrate the axis.
I believe that it is possible to manufacture a custom silicon chip using wet electrochemistry in quantity one. Piezoelectric transducers could be used to move a probe to do etching or deposition of material. Aluminum vias would have to be replaced with copper.
Some sort of input device? Perhaps a feedback device?
Some technology that would be attractive to a larger company, even if it’s not perfected.