Smartphones are democratizing access to information, so they enable potential empowerment.
Smartphones also nudge users towards stupid, irrational, emotional, impulse decisions that harm them (microtransactions, subscriptions, mindless consumption). They also make it hard to do meaningful empowering work, such as reading up contracts, laws and education-related information (i.e. cannot read a PDF on a smartphone). [1]
A simplistic model would be that smartphones help those wo are worst off, but harm those in the middle. Highly privileged people are in an entirely other world of course.
[1] https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/205015791770832...
the form factor is not the problem nor really a big constraint. thr form factor so happens to be dominated by even loer than regular fi computing, subcomputong, of the lowest ambitions. dominated by unexpert systems & portals. that's not a real restriction of the technology. it doesnt reflect anywhere near as bad on mobile tech as the situations seems.