I dropped off school, enrolled to university twice and had similar experiences to what you mention.
personally I've had a combination of luck, skills and audacity to "manage" without those degrees, but (!) I can tell you that the road ahead isn't easy.
failing to complete the foundations, for whatever reason, signals bad news. could be just impatience, feels repetitive, undiagnosed ocd/ad(h)d, whatever. these things will hit you same way during day to day job and life in general and it's something to work on.
a paper certificate on the wall is sort of the standard "proof" you've done something in your life beyond clay sculpting in preschool. but it's not the only way. build up a portfolio, setup a page with all your best projects, keep updating it at least yearly. be both strict and open minded when it comes to job searching. know what you definitely don't want, aim for what you do want, and listen to new possibilities you didn't know.
keep looking, you only need one yes between all the no's. get the ball rolling, improve your resume and financial stability. even if you don't get the best at first, consider a job as sponsorship to learn and do new things. climb up the ladder.
good luck!
I've worked with a fair number of people without a degree and they all have interesting stories of how they got their career started. This industry is fairly welcoming of people without degrees, but that doesn't mean it's easy, so try not to feel discouraged.
It's not always possible, but you might consider taking a lighter load of classes if you can. Having fewer classes may be helpful as there will be less choices on what work to do and that can help. And, given that doing work is hard (even if the work isn't), you may only have so many useful hours in you for a week. If the work itself is hard, all the more reason to take fewer classes.
Definitely talk to your school's learning center. You're not the first person with these issues at your school, and they may be able to help you.
I can't answer how to handle being bad at school, because I was, too, and I just coasted through it, got lousy enough grades in things I didn't care about, just can't force myself to spend extended periods of time doing something I don't care about.
I was lucky that the last project in school, I was able to chose my own, and I found something to work on that I loved, it became a passion project and so, the result was pretty good and I was able to impress at the examn, the censor invited me to apply for a job at his place, and thus I got my first job.
1. Microsoft Immersive Reader - It has a nice text-to-speech feature which makes slogging through textbooks a lot more interesting
2. Active Recall - After a study period, do active recall on the material by writing it down