* Browser tech evolves to not need it (WebASM and similar tech becomes mainstream)
* Browsers and the open web fail in favor of some other cross-platform standard emerging
* Browsers and the open web fail because an existing platform (like MacOS/iOS) reach 70% or greater marketshare with lower costs of development than the web.
Right now, none of these seems feasible, so I believe React will endure. I can't see any of the other JS frameworks having a strong and compelling reason to take it down. The only risks are more of a fundamental change.
A bank can fail and then you can't get money out of your checking account.
React might decline in popularity compared to a new alternative, or Facebook might decide to stop maintaining it -- but unless it gets deleted from npm life will go on.