https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_bVv7Lau-s
There is an open source effort to bring this style of mathematical analysis to graph optimization problems (shortest path, resource scheduling, etc) called the GraphBLAS:
I am the author of the pygraphblas Python binding around the GraphBLAS library, you can find a lot of examples in the demo notebooks shown in the README:
We would love to hear your ideas & suggestions! Thank you.