HACKER Q&A
📣 xupybd

Why are battery EVs more common than hydrogen fuel cells?


Why are battery EVs more common than hydrogen fuel cells?


  👤 jqpabc123 Accepted Answer ✓
Electricity is a universal form of energy that can be generated in any number of different ways. It can be efficiently and safely transported with existing infrastructure. Electric motors at the point of application are more than 95 percent efficient.

The only real problem with electricity is storage. We have the capability but it is not as weight efficient or cost effective as we would like for transport use.

Virtually everything about hydrogen production, transport and usage is problematic. This is rooted in the fact that hydrogen molecules are extremely small, higly reactive and explosively flammable. Hydrogen reacts with carbon metals making them brittle. The most practical way to utilize hydrogen is to generate electricity from it. Doing this efficiently requires exotic and expensive catalysts which are easily contaminated and consumed by the reactive fuel cell process.

The overall process of hydrogen production, transport and usage is less than 40 percent efficient. The same process with electricity is more than 80 percent efficient.

Volkswagen; along with other auto manufacturers, spent years studying this issue and came to the nearly universal conclusion that, "In the case of the passenger car, everything speaks in favour of the battery and practically nothing speaks in favour of hydrogen."


👤 yuppie_scum
Infrastructure.

Everyone has a wall socket in their garage or on their house’s exterior wall. And adding an L2 charger is not costly. The public charging networks are really just a bonus, day to day charging is done at home. So the infrastructure is pretty much already in place.

There are like 15 hydrogen filling stations in the USA and those are almost entirely limited to California’s major metro regions. Building out a network for the common North American to use would require a major investment by private capital with encouragement by state and federal subsidies.

Until I think the ideal mix would be PHEVs with medium sized batteries (100 ish mile range for day trips/commuting) and fuel cells for long haul highway driving. Then you could focus on interstate highways to build out a hydrogen network. But battery tech and charging networks are advancing fast enough to make range anxiety less of an issue every day.