Now, my colleague says that it would be better to deploy a Docker container (the image would be built in our CI pipeline). We do containerize PHP and Python apps (and I see the value of doing it), but I just don't see the added value of deploying Docker containers for Go apps in production (I think it even introduces a small performance penalty, since the Go binary wouldn't be running "bare metal" in my droplet).
One minimal Docker option with Go is to use a "distroless" Docker image: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless/blob/main...