I'm curious how many failures it took you to crack the success nut?
The first book I have read after college was "How to Study in College" by Walter Pauk. After a bad experience, I wondered how I could have done it better and I wondered if there was a meta resource that would have helped me learn better.
I asked wondered if I could think about my own cognition, and if there was a discipline like that, something meta. I was amused when I finally discovered there was such a field named "metacognition". It was humbling. Duh! How could I not put it together as I literally described it with its name.
Some concepts I got into were long-term potentiation, memory, etc.
I have then read Cal Newport's book "How to be a Straight A" student. A bit late, but useful for the future.
I wanted to be able to think and solve problems better as I have noticed that even though I have the necessary skills, putting them together requires something more, a bigger picture. I found a book by Belikov called "General Methods for Sovling Physics Problems" which was really nice. Reading a formulation of what a physics problem was, what the general physics principles were, what it means to solve a problem, have helped me. One additional way to think of things is in term of feedback systems, control theory and instrumentation, which is my training in college. These help me see interactions between systems.
I then found John R. Hayes' "The Complete Problem Solver", which was a more general book. The concepts and definitions of that book are useful.
I have recently found another book "Cracked It!" which I haven't read yet, but from the authors' interviews, it does a good job of describing what I do at my job and how I help clients to increase success likelihood in projects. I'll get to reading it at some point because it seems interesting.
These are things I use to think about and solve problems. Success would be a consequence.
So I'd say I'm still waiting to be truly successful.