Some ex-PARC folks tried to continue in the spirit of PARC's work at the Viewpoints Research Institute (after Kay tried and failed to do it in the private sector at Apple and Atari). Ex-Bell Labs folks (at least in computing) seem to end up at Google or at Microsoft Research, but it seems like they're only given the leeway they have because they already have clout from Bell Labs...
Microsoft, Facebook, and Google all have skunkworks departments doing blue-sky research, but they all seem to have a lot more oversight & pressure to productize. Over in academia, the MIT Media Lab was trying to be their equivalent of PARC, but the emphasis on creating demos to wow tech journalists has just reproduced the worst parts of SV pitch culture.