What does “prepare for cyber attacks” mean in context of Middle East?

Unless you manage large enterprise IT - not much. Do the usual things: ensure backups are running, update software. For a consumer, it doesn't matter if their laptop stopped working because of spilled water, or someone hacking them, and the steps to recovery are the same.

Larger orgs, especially related to infrastructure or national services may be specifically targetted. They know what their weak points are. Phishing, DoS, customer information leaks, ... But what they're afraid of and how they deal with that is going to be specific to their systems. I guess the only common thing for "brace for cyber warfare" is - talk to your peers about weird new things you see.