Has anybody experimented before with a different approach for organizing data in a computer?
Please note, if it is not broke don’t fix it. As well as new does not mean improved.
Also the file system found within computer operating systems were modeled after ways to categorize and store information that is both easy to use, and understand. Humans have been using systems like this for so long the inventors of that system are all but forgotten, as the concept can be seen through out history from how libraries have organized their collections of knowledge building, floor, isle, case, shelf, book, page, paragraph, sentence; all of which are conceptual examples of a directory. As well as other forms of systems in the same vain, country, state, city, district/neighborhood, street, block, house, room, file cabinet, drawer, folder, document.
Then as other suggestions in comments relational databases having database, table, row, column.
Each of those are also the concept of a directory.
Which can be defined as the ability to hold something, including more directories.
And a storage system can be described as a system of associated directories with a means of linking, nesting, indexing to provide means of navigation for location of things held within the system.
So, if there is a better way, humans have not yet grasped upon or discovered yet.
If you have ideas, go for it, but make sure your not reinventing the age old design with different nomenclature. You may also like looking into graph theory and object oriented design as areas of topics to learn about/discover.